INDIVIDUALISM - artists' emphasis on unique qualities of each human face, figure in attempt to show individual's character, personality in life-like way.

BALANCE AND PROPORTION - artists' use of nature as standard for balance and proportion in art, architecture to achieve quality of realism in their work; tried to show people, objects, trees, buildings, mountains in proper size.

PERSPECTIVE - impression of depth and distance on flat surface of painting through use of mathematical laws; artists tried to create realistic impressions.

OIL PAINT - new medium allowed painters to work more slowly, create new colors, to obtain life-like effects, show texture and look of fabrics.